Prior to the study, a single-factor experiment was performed on four extraction variables [solidliquid ratio (SLR), particle size, amplitude, and time] and its effect on the yield of quercitrin and TPC was analysed. (4): The two-dimensional (2D) contour and three-dimensional (3D) surface plots are used to graphically represent the interactive effects of the studied variables to the responses47. 1c and 2c, the extraction was favoured if a longer time was used. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. National Library of Medicine The lack of fit was not statistically significant at p>0.05, showing a high degree of fit with the model for predicting the extraction yield27,46. This leaves a lot of growing in the yard of the house. Article Would you still have the seeds/plant cuttings? leaves using response surface methodology. Cheng, S. H., Yusof, B. N. M., Hamid, A. The answer to this question is based on the type of purple cosmos which you are considering consuming. In this study, the model was significant for the two respective responses. Sprinkle around seeds, wait and watch them grow. [12] Ulam, a Malay word used to describe a preparation that combines food, medicine, and beauty, is a widely popular Malay herbal salad that is served throughout the country from major hotels for tourists to buffet lunches or dinners for the locals. A similar result was reported by Yusuff et al.9 who found the antimicrobial activity of C. caudatus leaves extract mightbe due to the presence of quercitrin. However, the elution time of our compounds was much faster. The positive and negative sign of the coefficient shown is related to effect of increase or decrease in its value. Farmhouse and Blooms is a personal blog and an individually owned small business. [43] C. caudatus can moderately inhibit ACE in vitro. It was attached to a 250mL distillation flask. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. The significant findings on the medicinal uses of C. caudatus are summarized in Table 2. 35, 161175 (2017). The ultrasonic time, temperature, and power intensity were controlled from the instrument panel. Cosmos caudatus (C. caudatus) is a medicinal plant that is high in bioactive compounds such as phenolics. Land Preparation Proper land preparation is important to improve the soils structure and eradicate weeds. In Malasia, Cosmos caudatus is referred to as. Apricot Lemonade. {2}0{4 } \times {1}0^{{ - {5}}} {\text{X}}_{{2}}^{{2}} {-} \, 0.00{\text{2 X}}_{{2}} {\text{X}}_{{3}} .$$, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96623-x. Interestingly, this value is also close to the IC50 of the standard ascorbic acid value at 13.250.45mg/L. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The values reported of this major compound among the C. caudatusextracts differ due to several reasons such as maturity, treatment or environmental changes59. The extract also exhibited good antimicrobial activities. [15] Among the 25 plants, C. caudatus exhibited the highest DPPH free radical-scavenging activity and the highest ferric ion reducing activity. The particle size was set constant at 515m. Technical Working Group on Nutritional Guideline: Malaysian Dietary Guideline. The parameters of ultrasonic extraction efficiency can be affected by ultrasonic irradiation time, temperature, frequency, the ratio between solvent to solid ratio, and solvent types30,31. The leaves are soft and pungent while the stem is light green with a purplish hue and succulent. Ethnobotanical Uses: Edible Plant Parts (Edible Leaves) Food (Fruit & Vegetable : Consumed as a vegetable in Malay cuisine. [44,45] The anti-inflammatory effect of C. caudatus was observed against a carrageenan-induced paw edema in a mouse model. obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction, Modelling and optimisation of ultrasound-assisted extraction of roselle phenolic compounds using the surface response method, Efficient extraction of cucurbitacins from Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C. Jeffrey: Optimization using response surface methodology, extraction methods and study of some important bioactivities, Green solvents and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of bioactive orange (Citrus sinensis) peel compounds, Effect of extraction temperature and solvent type on the bioactive potential of Ocimum gratissimum L. extracts, Optimized microwave assisted extraction (MAE) of alkaloids and polyphenols from Berberis roots using multiple-component analysis. [6] Furthermore, among the nine aqueous extracts of Malaysian plants, namely C. caudatus, Curcuma domestica, Kaempferia galanga, Piper betle, Piper sarmentosum, Polygonum minus, Centella asiatica, Hydrocotyle bonariensis, and Barringtonia racemosa, the aqueous extract of C. caudatus contained the highest phenolic content. Methanol (HPLC grade) and Acetonitrile (HPLC grade) were obtained from Daejung Company, Ltd. (Busan, South-Korea). Tee ES, Mohd, Ismail N, Mohd Nasir A, Khatijah I. Sumazian Y, Syahida A, Hakiman M, Maziah M. Anti-oxidant activities, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and phenolic contents of Malaysian vegetables. Kristina Gopevi, Slavica Gruji, Ana uri, Abdoudramane Sanou, Kiessoun Konat, Mamoudou Hama Dicko, Abigail Montero-Calderon, Clara Cortes, Maria J. Esteve, Tarun Belwal, Aseesh Pandey, Ranbeer S. Rawal, Anim Okyere Samuel, Bao-Ting Huang, Jian-Qin Jin, Liang-Liang Zhang, Li-Fang Zhang & Jian-Guo Xu, Scientific Reports Uzbek, U. H. & Shahidan, W. N. S. Tasty herb that heals: A review of Cosmos caudatus (Ulam raja) and its potential uses in dentistry. where are you located? A review. I Trying for so long to Find this cosmos caudatus. It is a participant in theAmazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. exaristatus Cosmos caudatus Kunth, var. [38] This can be achieved by inhibiting carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, which are pancreatic alpha-amylase, and slowing glucose uptake by intestinal alpha-glucosidase. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Bge. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Director, Seed Savers Network Inc. As firm conclusions cannot be drawn regarding the health benefits of C. caudatus, further research exploring the effects of C. caudatus on humans is required in order to assess the potential of C. caudatus to reduce blood glucose, reduce blood pressure, promote healthy bone formation, and demonstrate anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties. Koba (Allium fistulosum), Hawaiian Cocktail Pepper (Capsicum chinense), Hawaiian Hot Pepper (Capsicum frutescens), Litte Fire Ant (Wasmannia auropunctata) Prevention and Protocol, Observations/Recommendations for Lava Zone 1, Propagation: Soil Mixes, Potting and Fertilizing, Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus). The optimal conditions of the studied variables were determined by setting the goal at the maximum responses using the optimizer plot. Int. Phytochemical studies on this plant described various bioactive compounds such as quercetin derivatives (quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside, quercetin glucoside), phenolics, ascorbic acid, proanthocyanins, and catechin13,14,15,16. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. All experiments were conducted in triplicates. Riggs B, Khosia S, Melton L., 3rd Sex steroids and the construction and conservation of the adult skeleton. Although there is no evidence of toxicity from the acute and subacute toxicity studies, further investigation should be made to ascertain the lack of chronic toxicity and the safety of C. caudatus leaf intake in humans. Article This is my 2nd attempt at snowskin mooncakes. I am in the US. Des. Therefore, the present study utilised ultrasonic extraction to extract the bioactive compound and the parameter of extractions were then optimised using response surface methodology. Please let me know if you will sell seeds to me. A recent research article in Plant Introduction, titled. C. caudatus has high alpha-glucosidase activity. https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EUOdFXdUwAAqj0E?format=jpg&name=900900, African Blue Basil (Ocimum kilimandscharicum x basilicum Dark Opal), Awapuhi/Shampoo Ginger (Zingiber zerumbet), Green Onion var. (2). 500g boiled rice cold; Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies I live in the Bay Area, California. Mike, the flavor is a bit strong on them and i havent fully decided if i like them quite yet. This review aims to present the potential medicinal benefits of C. caudatus from the available scientific literature. [4][5][6][7][8][9], The plant is known by several vernacular names in Central America which include:[10], The species grows up to 2m (6ft 7in) in height. A three-level BoxBehnken design (BBD) was performed to investigate and optimise the effect of the selected extraction variables. This compound was also important and needed to be further identified as its presence constitutes the second largest peak in the samples. The flowers can be used whole, or alternatively you can pull off the petals, to use just the edible flower petals alone. The anti-hypertensive effects of C. caudatus in adrenaline-treated and sodium chloride-treated rat models have been reported. [9] In sodium chloride-treated rats, treatment with 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg C. caudatus aqueous extracts inhibited the sodium chlorid-induced increase in stroke volume amplitude. & Cravotto, G. Green extraction of natural products: Concept and principles. Hernndez-Ledesma B, Martn-lvarez PJ, Pueyo E. Assessment of the spectrophotometric method for determination of angiotensin-converting-enzyme activity: Influence of the inhibition type. Specifically, extraction via ultrasonic and microwave techniques has proved to be the most effective extraction method for a higher recovery of bioactive compounds from Panax ginseng and Gingko biloba56. Plant the new plants in the flower garden, vegetable or herb garden, for a splash of bright color. If the purple cosmos flower is cosmos caudatus, then it is definitely edible, and can be consumed. Although not all cosmos plants are edible, two different varieties of cosmos can be consumed, and have a history of edible usage. The National Library Of Medicine and PubMed Central have reviewed the potential medicinal benefits of the plant in their article Potential Medicinal Benefits of Cosmos Caudatus (Ulam Raja): A Scoping Review. Cosmos caudatus is edible and its common names include kenikir (Indonesia) or ulam raja (in Malaysia, calqued as "the King's salad"). As night . [12] Table 1 depicts the biological active compounds of C. This can be achieved by carrying out a statistical design based on response surface methodology (RSM)27. Moshawih, S., Cheeme, M. S., Ahmad, Z., Zakaria, Z. These bright blooms are perfect for using as a garnish. This finding has further indicated that C. caudatus is a good source of anti-oxidant. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in 102, 14501461 (2007). Model. ; Funding acquisition, L.C.A. i did not discover if the roots and flowers are edible of this particular species. PubMed & Ahmed, Q. U. Antimicrobial studies of Cosmos caudatus Kunth. Common name: Cosmos, wild cosmos Local name: Ulam raja Scientific name: Cosmos caudatus Distribution: Pantropical Conservation Status: Least concern, Cultivated, Naturalised species Description The name of the plant means 'king of ulam.' Its scientific name is Cosmos caudatus. or "king's salad" contains high values of nutritional compounds that act as health promoters. Zulkiply, H. Optimization of Extraction Parameteres of Total Phenolic Compound from Cosmos caudatus (Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 2012). The plant starts off slowly, growing to a height of about two feet in the first few weeks, and then takes off to become the giant it wants to be. Remarkably, extraction using ultrasonic method had recovered more bioactive content and antioxidant activity than the Soxhlet method. Food Sci. Pradal, D., Vauchel, P., Decossin, S., Dhulster, P. & Dimitrov, K. Kinetics of ultrasound-assisted extraction of antioxidant polyphenols from food by-products: Extraction and energy consumption optimization. Emerging insights into the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Keep Julie smiling! The type of Bidens berteroana is from Puerto Rico . Ajaykumar TV, Anandarajagopal K, Sunilson JA, Arshad A, Venkateshan N. Anti--inflammatory activity of Cosmos Caudatus. {933 } - \, 0. Chen, S. et al. Briefly, a set of 40L extracts were added into a 96-well plate, followed by 100L FolinCiocalteaus reagent (tenfold diluted). Crops Prod. This will spark them to regrow vigorously, again; this process can be done continuously. Res. In general, the extraction yield improved when reducing the particle size from crushed to powdered particle39,48,49. Int. Google Scholar. - Flora de Filipinas [] Gran edicion, "Cosmos caudatus (Asteraceae: Coreopsideae) in Mexico: a cytotaxonomic reappraisal", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cosmos_caudatus&oldid=1148532204, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 6 April 2023, at 19:00. This developed ultrasonic extraction method can contribute to the development of extraction protocols, or for further fractionation of bioactive compounds from C. caudatus leaves or other medicinal plants. Sci. Chiang Chan, E. W. et al. Plant phenolics: Extraction, analysis and their anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. [20] An increase in the number and activity of osteoblasts stimulates bone formation. Edible flowers with medicinal benefits. Ive never seen this plant for sale, and I only recently discovered that its edible, and what its scientific name is. Hoping to hear from you soon! Charact. J. Sci. [12] In Indonesian cuisine and Malaysian cuisine the leaves of this plant are used for salad. Rev. I would love that if you can send me some! Nevertheless, the reduction in both extraction time and required solvent makes ultrasonic extraction more efficient than the Soxhlet method. Mohd Khairi, N. A. Antioxidant activity of Cosmos caudatus extracts by using different types of extraction methods. (2006) assessed the anti-oxidant activities of aqueous extracts of 25 tropical plants using DPPH scavenging and ferric ion reducing anti-oxidant potential (FRAP) assays. The dried leaves were subsequently ground into a powder and sieved (Wstyler, Mentor, OH, USA).
(PDF) The influence of drying temperature on the quality, morphology Some studies have demonstrated that the extract has more powerful antioxidant properties contrasted to some tropical fruits, herbs, and vegetables10,11. One study* revealed Cosmos bipinnatus has significant antioxidant activity and a protective effect against oxidative DNA damage. 242, 18 (2018). This work was supported by Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation Malaysia (6370700). C. caudatus was also found to have anti-microbial and anti-fungal activities. In this study, an ultrasound extraction method was used to optimise the extraction of bioactive compounds from C. caudatus leaves. A duality in the roles of reactive oxygen species with respect to bone metabolism. Chemat, F. et al. Comparison of conventional extraction technique with ultrasound assisted extraction on recovery of phenolic compounds from lemon scented tea tree (Leptospermum petersonii) leaves. [8] It was concluded that at minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of n-Hexane (25 mg/mL), 6.25 mg/mL of diethyl ether, and 6.25 mg/mL of ethanol extracts of C. caudatus, all the extracts exhibited significant inhibitory activity against the growth of the five tested human pathogenic microbes. B. M. Inhibition of cholinesterase and amyloid-&bgr; aggregation by resveratrol oligomers from Vitis amurensis. The Cosmos caudatus (CC), locally known as Raja ulam (King's Salad), is a common Asian vegetables that is widely used in the continent of Southeast Asia, especially in Thailand, Malaysia, and. Step 4: Strain into martini glass Step 5: Garnish with lemon twist and serve Pro tip: Put your martini glass in the freezer when you start making the drink. https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR09.422 (2010). Cosmos sulphureus is a half hardy annual plant species native to Mexico, Central America, and South America. Studies have shown that C. caudatus exhibits high anti-oxidant capacity and various medicinal properties, including anti-diabetic activity, anti . This plant is indigenous to tropical America, and Do you sell the seeds or plant of Cosmos Caudatus (Ulam Raja / Kenikir )? The later phase is related to the release of leukocyte, eicosanoid, and free radical, which induces the production of prostaglandin. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Ulam refers to a group of traditional Malay vegetables, usually consumed raw. [6,7,8,9,10] With the increasing interest in the traditional medicinal plants and herbs, there is a need to review the traditional claims about C. caudatus with regard to its medicinal uses before it can be used for further nutraceutical application. BNMY contributed in the conception of the work, reviewing the related-references, drafting and revising the draft, approval of the final version of the manuscript, and agreed for all aspects of the work. Most edible flowers do have nutritive value, and many have been studied for their nutritional qualities and composition. 99, 775783 (2006). Food Chem. Cosmos caudatus has been used as a traditional vegetable and herb in Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and in Thailand. I'm so glad you're here! 50g spring onion, aka hnh l; Im just now discovering the wonders of cosmos caudatus. Slider with three articles shown per slide. The line on the surface plot demonstrating the predicted optimal point. Vuong and his team51 inspected the effect of particle size (<1mm) of green tea on the extraction efficiency. Received 2015 Jul 7; Revised 2015 Aug 4; Accepted 2015 Oct 16. Popular in Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia, the only cooking this recipe requires is boiling some rice the fresh ingredients can be picked from your garden. Can i buy from you or do uou know ehere i can? 10, S57S64 (2014).
King's Salad Recipe - Jerry Coleby-Williams We searched Pubmed and ScienceDirect databases for articles published from 1995 to January 2015 using the key words Cosmos caudatus and blood glucose, Cosmos caudatus and blood pressure, Cosmos caudatus and bone, Cosmos caudatus and inflammation, Cosmos caudatus and anti-microbial, Cosmos caudatus and anti-oxidant, and Cosmos caudatus and toxicity. Overall, 5 articles were retrieved on the anti-oxidant potential of C. caudatus and 10 articles were retrieved on the medicinal effects of C. caudatus. 991, 1018 (2020). He, B. et al. Cuzzocrea S, Zingarelli B, Hake P, Salzman AL, Szabo C. Anti-inflammatory effects of mercaptoethylguanidine, a combined inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase and peroxynitrite scavenger in carrageenan-induced models of inflammation. C. caudatus has been reported as a rich source of bioactive compounds such as ascorbic acid, quercetin, and chlorogenic acid. CAS Mohamed N, Gwee Sian Khee S, Shuid AN, Muhammad N, Suhaimi F, Othman F, et al. J. Also known as sulphur cosmos and yellow cosmos, this particular species of cosmos has daisy-like flowers which begin to bloom in early summer, and continue until late summer or early fall. Sci. Due to the above findings, the ultrasonic extraction was found to be suitable to improve recovery extraction of quercitrin and TPC from C. caudatus leaves. Starch digestion, large-bowel fermentation and intestinal mucosal cell proliferation in rats treated with the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose. Cavalot F, Petrelli A, Traversa M, Bonomo K, Fiora E, Conti M, et al. Hi, do they grow in part sun/ full sun and what zones in Hawaii are the root and flower edible also or just the leaves. If managed by regularly pruning off flower stalks, the plant will continue to grow leafy material suitable for consumption. Sonochem. Food Res. Azmin, S. N. H. M. et al. J. Med. The previous articles have reported that quercitrin was eluted at 19.93min and 28.64 min12,15. Food Chem. Hanefeld M, Fischer S, Julius U, Schulze J, Schwanebeck U, Schmechel H, et al. With that in mind therefore, I will then focus on the two species most often presented as edibles, and which have more common use. thank you for this great post & for all the posts you do! i dont know if theyre cosmos caudatus..but i also dont know if it matters. ACE inhibitors. I didnt have turmeric flowers anymore so decorated with blue butterfly pea flowers instead. Ind. Issues in modern bone histomorphometry. {264 } - \, 0. Ultrason. 1964. HOW TO MAKE EDIBLE CANDIED FLOWERS- SPARKLING BLOOMS, LIST OF EDIBLE FLOWERS WITH PICTURES- DECORATE YOUR PLATE, HOW TO MAKE EDIBLE FLOWER ICE CUBES -DECORATE YOUR DRINKS, How To Grow Swamp Milkweed- Planting And Care, How To Grow Calla Lily From Seed- Planting And Care, How To Make A DIY Flower Press -Preserve Your Blooms, How To Make Rhubarb Jam With And Without Pectin. The dried and grounder leaf sample was placed in a thimble chamber and inserted into the thimble holder condenser. All these studies demonstrated that C. caudatus is effective, having demonstrated its anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, bone-protective, anti-microbial, and anti-fungal activity in both in vitro and animal studies. It is usually eaten by dipping in shrimp and chili paste to enhance the flavors. Umaa, M., Eim, V., Garau, C., Rossell, C. & Simal, S. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of ergosterol and antioxidant components from mushroom by-products and the attainment of a -glucan rich residue. The result was comparable to that of the standard drug diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg body weight) in inhibiting paw edema. I typically create successional cover crop mixes creating a continuous blanket of biomass to protect soils and to create living mulch to cut and feed to my other cropped plants. All experiments were conducted in triplicate. CAS & Vuong, Q. Biomed. In summary, the results demonstrated that the extraction method plays an important role in recovering extraction yield. In Southeast Asia countries like Malaysia and Indonesia, the plant is usually consumed as food and used in traditional folk medicine1,2. [39] Stroke volume and heart rate are two integral components of cardiac output. [50] As free radicals are involved in bone metabolism, C. caudatus, which exerts high anti-oxidant properties, has a positive effect on bone health.
Cosmos caudatus - GlobinMed Crop Foods https://doi.org/10.3920/QAS2015.0839 (2016). [48] In the postmenopausal state, estrogen deficiency lowers the anti-oxidant defense, which causes ROS to stimulate osteoclasts. Stir thoroughly; Add fresh ingredients, except for the flowers. The results demonstrated the capabilities of the extract as an antimicrobial agent. Safdar, M. N. et al. Ultrason. 6. Cosmos caudatus has cryptogenic origins in southern Mexico, Central America or the Antilles. As displayed in Figs. Food Sci. CAS Ulam Raja Cosmos caudatus [1] A , [2] [ ] ^ Cosmos caudatus (wild cosmos). Summary of potential medicinal benefits of C. caudatus, Reported evidence showed that C. caudatus exhibits high anti-oxidant activity. Seyedreihani et al.16, revealed that the TPC in the C. caudatus aqueous extract was 37.41mg GAE/g dw. i could send some seed, hallo i am munich germany i want to the f Cosmos Caudatus (Ulam Raja )seeds and have them send to me germany your help will be super thanks Both Cosmos caudatus as well as Cosmos sulphureus have been studied and found to have beneficial compounds within the plants. and JavaScript. C. caudatus has been shown to have hypoglycemic activity. they also had a seed mix with pink & white cosmos. I dried some cosmos sulphureus at the end of the growing season, and preserved the blooms for future culinary use. PubMed Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Before Recker RR, Kimmel DB, Dempster D, Weinstein RS, Wronski TJ, Burr DB. The influence of drying temperature on the quality, morphology and drying characteristics of Cosmos caudatus.
10 Health Benefits of Cosmos Caudatus - Recommendation Intake Choose organic flowers if at all possible. Mayet J, Hughes A. Cardiac and vascular pathophysiology in hypertension. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.04.011 (2016). Pharmacologic therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Amalia L, Anggadiredja K, Sukrasno, Fidrianny I, Inggraini R. Anti-hypertensive potency of wild Cosmos leaf extract. [25] Ovariectomy causes loss of bone volume, decrease in trabecular number, and increase in trabecular separation in ovariectomized rats. Located in KL. In this study, an ultrasound extraction method was used to optimise the extraction. The sample (1g) and 80% ethanol (200mL) were used for the extraction process. Jahongir, H., Miansong, Z., Amankeldi, I., Yu, Z. Ultrason. The TPC was expressed as mg gallic acid equivalent per g of dry weight extract (mg GAE/g dw). The present. The predictive maximum values of quercitrin and TPC were 44.26mg/g dw, and 175.64mg GAE/g dw, respectively under the optimised condition of SLR 1:28 (g/mL), particle size 485m, and extraction time 30min (Table 4). The chromatographic analysis of quercitrin from C. caudatus leaf extract was done using a 1290 Infinity HPLC coupled with a diode array detector system (HPLCDAD) (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The plant belongs to the Family Asteraceae, and Genus Cosmos. With the increase in SLR, viscosity of the medium solution decreases, and increases in concentration gradient leading to more solvent access into the material and producing a higher extraction yield. Anti-microbial studies of Cosmos caudatus Kunth (Compositae). 5 tender, leafy stems of kings salad, aka vua rau x lch(Cosmos caudatus); Cosmos bipinnatus has been studied as an edible flower for carotenoid composition, volatiles and bioactive compounds, as well as for its nutritive and antioxidant effects, and yet is rarely referenced as an edible flower with common use. Article https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01401.x (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.02.094 (2016).
Cosmos Caudatus Kunth: A Traditional Medicinal Herb - ResearchGate Ultrasound-assisted extraction, either using theultrasonic bath or ultrasonic probe devices, could be the alternative and promising green extraction technology among the established methods22,23,24.
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