Report of the APA task force on advertising and children. Kendon (1970) and LaFrance (1982) were the first researchers that introduce the mimicry concept in literature. Based on the results of zone 3, we can sum up that the behavior and cognitive biases of teens are affected by social media influencers. On the other hand, the results indicate that teens mimic social media influencers to feel their belonging. The chameleon effect as social glue: Evidence for the evolutionary significance of nonconscious mimicry. New York, NY: Holt, These concepts have characterized by high influence and sensitivity. (2004) found that the influencers' experience with persuasion emerges as factors that affect customers. (2020) indicated that originality and uniqueness positively influence opinion leadership on Instagram. Recovered on https://www.cairn.info/revue-enfance2-2014-2-page-135.htm. 192209. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203833698. According to Bueno & Salmeron (2009), Cognitive Maps are a powerful technique that helps to study human cognitive phenomena and specific topics in the world. In the past year . Accordingly, the Digital report (2021) (published in partnership with Hootsuite and we Are Social) indicated that connected technologies became an integral part of people's lives, and it has seen great development in the last twelve months especially with regard to social media, e-commerce, video games, and streaming content. In its turn, self-concept visibility has related to friendship quality. (2021). Accessed 1 May 2018. It has more than 6.9 million active users in 2020 or 75% of the population (+13years) of which 44.9% were female users and 55.1% male. (2012) and Bachnio et al. Spry et al., (2011) pointed out that a trusted influencer's positive perception of a product and/or service positively affects consumers' attitudes towards recommended brandsHowever, if the product does not meet the required specifications, consumers lose trust in the product and the influencer (Cheung et al., 2009). In the debate about the childhood obesity crisis, food marketing in media is often named as one of the main causes for children's unhealthy dietary behaviors (WHO, 2010; Boyland et al., 2016; Robinson et al., 2017).Research shows that, similar to traditional media such as television, "vlogs" (i.e., video weblogs) by social media influencers are a popular platform for . Lajnef, K., Ellouze, S., & Mohamed, E. B. 1149). The influencers have the power . We believe that whenever distinctive features of influencers are good, the most important impact they have on young people, leads to distraction. Beside the experience, the more an influencer provides unique and uncirculated content specific to him, the higher the originality of the content will be. A stream of research indicates that consumers accept influence from others they identify with and refuse influence when they desire to disconnect (Berger & Heath, 2007; White & Dahl, 2006). Strategic foresight (la prospective): use and misuse of scenario building. Increases in depressive symptoms, suicide-related outcomes, and suicide rates among US adolescents after 2010 and links to increased new media screen time. Teenagers' brain creates many changes that make them more sensitive to the impressions of others, especially the view of their peers (e.g. (2000). Routledge. Following Hovland et al. Such variables have no impact on the overall dynamic changes of the system because their distribution is very close to the origin. (2001) admitted that individuals attempt to be radically different from others to enhance their selves and social images. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.01.011. The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of influencers on generation Z (Gen Z) in the online environment. The second one is characterized by expanding levels of self-esteem and low levels of anxiety (Burrow & Rainone, 2017). Many people whose careers are largely reliant on social media are known as "influencers". According to Tarsakoo and Charoensukmongkol (2019), social media marketing implementation capabilities have a positive effect on customer relationship sustainability. Status update: Celebrity, publicity, and branding in the social media age. This work is in parallel to the framework of the Tunisian State project "Strengthening the partnership between the university and the economic and social environment". 3.5 billion people are online. Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J. T., & Rapson, R. L. (1994). 150159). This unrealistic approach towards life portrayed by influencers on social media has affected the mental health of many teens leading them to depression and anxiety. Cognitive approach of corporate governance: A visualization test of mental models with cognitive mapping technique. Such characteristics help the source (influencer) to be more convincing. (2003) affirmed that mimicry could be used to enhance social links with others. (2003). There is a contradicting view that people will lose their own culture after viewing too much of online content. The expertise has reflected the knowledge and competence of the source (influencer) in a specific area (Ki & Kim, 2019; McCroskey, 1966). This technique helps to better understand the individual and collective cognitive universe. : Purpose moderates links between positive social media feedback and self-esteem. Mapping strategic thought. In Morsella E., Bargh J. (2020) indicated that uniqueness positively influences the leadership opinion. The experience, the degree of trustworthiness, and the originality of the submitted content influence the ability of an influencer to persuade among adolescents. Childhood(2), pp. How social communications influence advertising perception and response in online communities? Ecological models based on peoples knowledge: A multi-step fuzzy cognitive mapping approach. Accessed October 2019. Chartrand and Dalton (2009) indicated that social surroundings are easily contagious and confirmed the high ability of individuals to mimic what they see in their social environment. Wallach, M. A., & Wing, C. W. (1969). Vogels, E., & Gelles-Watnick, R. (2023 . Speech Monographs, 33(1), 6572. Social media influencers affect the identity development of teens. Theyre really profound women, theyre entrepreneurs. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-817319-0.00002-5. According to Godet et al. College Student Journal, 53(3), 265276. A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgment. The main objectives were as (1) To analyze the influence of social media on youth social life (2) To assess the beneficial and preferred form of social media for youth (3) To evaluate the attitude . Influencers use social media every day to express their opinions and critiques on many topics (like lifestyle, health, beauty) and objects (e.g. (2014), teens need to create peer relationships, whether to contribute positively or negatively to their psychosocial side and undoubtedly play a crucial role in the development of identity. of persuasive eWOM messages in social media. Benjumea-Arias, M., Castaeda, L., & Valencia-Arias, A. Subsequently the effects of social media on the two levels above will be integrated into an overall picture. In the last part, both the conclusion and recommendations are highlighted. Psychological literature defines Self-esteem as the individuals evaluation of himself or herself that can be positive or negative (Smith et al., 2014). Journal of Adolescence, 35(6), 15271536. Hashoff. Many studies have proven that most teens spend a lot of time online (e.g., Anderson & Jiang, 2018; Twenge et al., 2018). Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 12(1), 6069. It has more than 1.9 million, namely 21% of the Tunisian population (+13years). Migros magazine - MM46. Recently, Casal et al. The Web of Science publications on the analysis of social media and business from 2005 to 2019 Fig. Following Eden and Ackermann (1998), this study uses face-to-face interviews because it is the most flexible method for data collection and it is the appropriate way to minimize the questionnaire mistiness. Users turn to their favorite influencers for recommendations and advice on what to buy and use. The findings of this . Thus, the result found by Emerick et al. Specifically, 41 people polled said they only believe influencers take pictures of their perfect moments while 21 people said they have been critical of an influencer. Celebrity Studies, 8(2), 191208. Social media influencers (SMIs) represent a new type of independent . Thus, among the objectives of this study is to set the effect of influencers' persuasion on teens' behavior. Media, either it is printed, electronic or the web is the only medium, which helps in making people . Social Media + Society is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that focuses on advancing the understanding of social media and its impact on societies past, present and future. Sireni. The nation's top health official issued an extraordinary public warning on Tuesday about the risks of social media to young people . Crano, W. D., & Prislin, R. (2011). According to Scheer and Stern (1992), the dynamic effect of marketing occurs when an influencer persuades consumers to participate in a specific business. Therefore, influencers have been considered by many marketing experts as opinion leaders because of their important role in persuading and influencing their followers (De Veirman et al., 2017). The uniqueness in content represents the ability of the influencer to provide an uncirculated content specific to him. Analyzing and comparing idiographic causal maps. Cabourg, C., & Manenti, B. Examining the antecedents Perloff, R. M. (2008). Actapsychologica, 32, 101125. In return, the high degree of persuasion impresses the behavior, attitudes, and decisions of teens with influences in their identity formation. "Informational social influence" is a concept that has been used in literature by Deutsch & Gerard, 1955), and defined as the change in behavior or opinions that happened when people (consumers) are conformed to other people (influencers) because they believe that they have precise and true information (e.g. Social comparison is a part of building a teen's personal identity (Weinstein, 2017). For young people, the pre-social media era has become something of a blur. Previous studies hypothesized that unique ideas are the most stringent method for producing original ideas (e.g., Wallach & Kogan,1965; Wallach & Wing, 1969).Generally; influencers that produce different contents have a great popularity because they produce new trends. Persuasion aims commonly to change others attitudes and behavior in a context of relative freedom (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Increased rates of pro-environmental behaviors amongst individuals can have a large impact on our shared environmental footprint, helping to alleviate human related environmental stressors (Truelove & Gillis, 2018, Clayton et al., 2015; Dietz et al . ), The Sage handbook of persuasion: Developments in theory Egocentrism in adolescence. Chahal, M. (2016). In their turn, consumers, especially youth and adolescents, consider influencers as a source of transparency, credibility, and source of personal information from what helps the offered brands to be enlarged through the large social media network (e.g. There are six principles of persuasion, which are consensus, consistency, scarcity, reciprocity, authority, and liking. Based on source credibility theory, this work tested one of the research goals: the effect of expertise and credibility on adolescent behavior. Ana Cristina Antunes Ana Gama View Show abstract . The questionnaire is one of the appropriate methods used to construct a collective cognitive map (zesmi & zesmi, 2004). Impact This article was updated on: 11/19/2021 Social media is an undeniable force in modern society. Casal et al. and practice (2nd ed., pp. (2017). Unprecedented technological developments are currently enabling social media influencers to build powerful interactivity with their followers. 2 if variable I has a strong influence on variable j. The content has perceived as innovative, sophisticated, and unusual. La catgorisation sociale. In the era of globalization and technological development, social media has become an important role in shaping the identity of adolescents (see Gajaria et al., 2011). The Psychology of Influence: Theory, research and practice. Furthermore, the findings indicate that young people use more social networks to reinforce their self-esteem.The results confirm with those of Denti et al. The impact influencers can have should not be ignored. Larousse. In fact, it uses the cognitive approach based on structural analysis. Brown ve Benchmark Publishers. - 103.130.218.135. These findings confirm those of Casal et al. These findings are in line with those of Kunkel et al. Interpersonal trust in small-group communication. Step 4: Express gratitude. Published May 23, 2023 Updated May 24, 2023, 9:11 a.m. Chapter 2 - Current trends in digital media: How and why teens use technology. 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According to MICS6 Survey (2020), 18.7% of children aged 1517years suffer from anxiety, and 5.2% are depressed. The behavior and cognitive biases of teens are affected by social media influence. Therefore, this study contributes to the literature in many ways. In fact, source credibility is a good way of persuasion because it has related to many conceptualizations. Unhealthy Sleep Patterns. In S. Moscovici (Ed. PubMedGoogle Scholar. We start our interviews with presenting the pros and cons of social mediaand its effect on audiences behavior. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(4), 329. Depressive symptoms and perceived burdensomeness mediate the association between anxiety and suicidal ideation in adolescents. This problem still arises because the lack of empirical works is investigating in this area. Derbaix, C., & Vanhamme, J. (2013). 13 Clearly excessive social media usage leaves one prone to be at a higher risk of depression, anxiety, and ultimately stress. First, the high experience of influencers via social media enhances the production of original content. Influent variables are located in the top left of the chart. The second part provides the list of concepts for each approach via cross-matrix. The aim of the questionnaire is then to build the perception maps (Lajnef et al., 2017). What distinguishes this generation is its extensive use of the Internet at an early age. This work aims to create a collective cognitive map using an interviewing process. The first one has related to weakened levels of self-esteem and high depressive symptoms. Jahoda, G. (1959). Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 17. Journal of Business Research, 67(2), 8391. Authenticity under threat: When social media influencers need to go beyond self-presentation. Swedens largest facebook study. A map is not a scientific model based on objective reality, but a graphical representation of an individual's specific beliefs and ideas about complex local situations and issues. In fact, influencers with a high level of honesty and sincerity prove trustworthiness among teens. Association between Facebook addiction, self-esteem and life satisfaction: A cross-sectional study. Analysis of self-efficacy theory of behavioral change. An evidence from Tunisia. Computers in Human Behavior, 76, 396405.. In another words, a cognitive map is a representation of causal assertion way of a person on a limited area. Most of the time, an authentic and different content attracts attention, and sometimes the unusual topics make surprising (Derbaix & Vanhamme, 2003). a following in a distinct niche, with whom he or she actively engages. This paper uses the first method to restrict the large number of variables related to both influencers distinctive features and teenagers' behavioral biases (see Table 2). American Psychological Association. According to Festinger (1954), social media users focus more on self-evaluations by making social comparisons with others concerning many issues like beauty, popularity, social classes or roles, wealth accumulation, etc. Qualitative method is used by conducting a focus group and content analysis to compare the impact of male and female social media influencers towards emerging adults.
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